Hot Dog or Pizza - Free Essay Example

Hot Dog or Pizza? Polyurethane wheels spin furiously as gaggles of giggling children race past in a rush to get nowhere. Parents talk amongst themselves casually while always keeping a watchful eye on the rink, anticipating the inevitable fall of a child that they hope will not be theirs. The scent of freshly baked pizza wafts throughout the building, enticing the families as if all this excitement were not enough to build up an appetite. This was the place to be on an idle Saturday in this small suburb of New Jersey, drawing in dozens of children and preteens every weekend. My party has to be here, mom! † I whined, convinced that nowhere else would be quite as fun, even though every other kid in my class celebrated their birthday there as well. So instead of hosting a hair-braiding, truth-or-dare slumber party, or going to see the latest preteen comedy movie, my birthday festivities would of course occur here, at United Skates of America. I waited the month or so until my part y with bated breath, patience not one of the virtues bestowed upon an (almost) ten-year-old. When the day had finally arrived, my family piled in our car with my two best friends; Eileen, a slightly too tall for her age, kindhearted Irish brunette, and Jen, a spunky blonde tomboy with one of those smiles that stretch across the face and matching dimples to go with it- the rest of the eager party-goers would meet us there. We arrive at the rink, a large concrete building with paint the gray color of dingy gym socks peeling in various places around the entrance, the poorly marked building easily missed by the untrained eye. A sign decorated with faded primary colors that barely still read the name of the rink hangs to show that the facility is still operational. Car doors slam open and then shut again as children dash from the vehicles, the gravel of the unpaved parking lot crunches underfoot. Children immediately begin to chatter amongst themselves as though they had not seen t he others for a long period of time. Eventually however, a short freckly redhead recalls everyone’s attention as to why we had gathered at this rink in the first place. The mad rush begins again and 15 or so pairs of short legs sprint towards the door. Walking through the oversized metal door that weighs more than it should, children’s eyes light up with a joy only superseded by discovering all the presents left under the Christmas tree by Santa. First things first, everyone must rent their skates. These skates have been worn several times a day for who knows how many years, the scent drifting from behind the rental desk not much different than that of bowling shoes. Parents help make sure the skates are laced up tight enough. Now that everyone’s feet feel more like they are tied in a straight jacket rather than wearing shoes, it is time to hit the floor. Other skaters fly past me, creating a breeze as I try to set foot in the rink. I place one skate on th e smooth, polished hardwood floor and immediately BANG! Feet still in the skates fly up above my head as I land flat on my back. As a testament to childhood resiliency, I get back on my feet, silently thanking my mom for making me wear the tacky pink helmet previously decorated with shimmering stickers in various girly shapes and hoping no one I knew saw. The carefree skating continues for an hour or so as the latest pop hits blast over the speaker system- boy bands belt out love songs irrelevant to our generation at the time and Britney asks to be hit â€Å"†¦One More Time. † Eventually it is time for the rink’s mascot to make his momentary appearance. After proper introduction, Skate-o-saurus glides onto the rink, a graceful swan in an oversized green and orange dinosaur costume, probably worn by a local high school or college student. He leads the rink in an intense game of limbo, using probably the stick from an old broom or mop, decorated with paint an d streamers to disguise its intended purpose. This game on land is not easily mastered by all, but with the addition of skates it becomes especially tricky. Each skater takes their turn, the hairs on the top of their heads brushing the ‘limbo stick,’ and one by one skaters fall to the ground, muffled thuds as bodies succumb to gravity. Shortly after, everyone forgets who won and resumes to skating, the more experienced skaters challenging their friends to a race, and those not so experienced just trying to keep from crashing and causing another dent or scuff in the already marred floor, a reminder of those who have fallen before. When just about every stomach is gargling, a gruff voice crackles through the speakers and requests, almost omnisciently, that â€Å"the guests of Nicole’s party come to the party room for food. † The exhausted skaters stumble into the room, dripping sweat onto the multicolored carpet that conveniently hides stains. Kids flo p down into chairs all around me. The fluorescent lights above shine bright on my party, illuminating the crepe paper streamers decorating the room causing miniature rainbows to be cast on every surface. â€Å"So what’ll it be, hot dog or pizza? † requests the clearly overworked and underpaid server that definitely hates his job. I neglect to notice this but instead think- â€Å"hot dog or pizza? † the hardest decision of the day.

Business Ethics Assignment - KFC - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2118 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Ethics Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Business Ethics Table of Contents Assignment one: Q1. There are mainly three theoretical ethical approaches present and they are: Q2. Comparison of absolute ethics and relative ethics: Q3. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Business Ethics Assignment KFC" essay for you Create order Ethical issues affecting the businesses: Assignment two: Q1. How business objectives are affected by ethical considerations Q2. Implications for a business and its stakeholders to operate the business ethically: Q3. Role of KFC acting as a moral agent: Assignment three: Q1. A current ethical issue affecting McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s: Q2. Report on how McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s can improve the ethics of their operations whilst meeting objectives and ensuring good employee/employer relationships: Q3. Suitable ethical code: References: Assignment one: Q1. There are mainly three theoretical ethical approaches present and they are: Deontological ethics: Deontological ethics is basically a normative ethical position in which the morality of action is judged based upon the adherence of the rule by action. The theory had been developed by Immanuel Kant (Klein Smith, 2004). Kant argued that it is not the consequences of any action which can make right or wrong but the motives of the person who is responsible for taking up the action itself. Consequentialism: Consequentialism is an ethical theory which takes into consideration the consequence of the conduct of a person. The judgment about the rightness of conduct is based upon it. According to the consequentialism theory, it can be stated that the morally right act can bring out good and positive outcomes (LeClair, Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2012). The theory has been developed to be distinguished from the deontological ethics. Pragmatic ethics: Pragmatic ethics has been developed by John Dewey who believed that some of the societies have progressed substantial ly morally in the very same manner in which they attained progress in science. The pragmatic ethics also states that principles, norms and moral criteria can be improved through inquiry. Q2. Comparison of absolute ethics and relative ethics: The absolute ethics is based on the theory that some things can be considered either right or wrong from a particular point of view and the things cannot be changed as per the culture. There are certain actions which are intrinsically right or wrong. It means they are right or wrong according to their point of view. On the other hand, the relativist ethics is based on the theory that there are no valid moral principles. If an action is good in itself and if it is considered bad by others then there is no basis to find out the truth behind it (LeClair, Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2012). Q3. Ethical issues affecting the businesses: In the complex global business environment, all the businesses face various types of ethical issues. They are: Fundamental issues: The most essential and fundamental ethical issue which the businesses should face is trust and integrity. The businesses should treat every customer fairly and all the business affairs should be carried out with honesty. From the perspective of KFC, one of the companies considered for this study, the organization should strive to provide the best quality of food to every customer, providing the maximum value for money. Also, they should maintain transparency in the ways they conduct business in every possible arena. Diversity issues: There are many companies that always employ the workers from a specific culture or community. An ethical response to the diversity mainly begins with recruiting the diverse workforce and all the employees in KFC should be given equal opportunities in various aspects such as training, promotion etc (LeClair, Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2012). It should start with providing equal opportunity to every individual who applies for a position in the organization. The ethical response of the company is fulfilled when the employees can enjoy a respectful workforce which values the contributions made by them to the company. Marketing issues: There are some marketing ethical issues which might be confronted by the organizations. There are many companies who promote their products to a particular community or culture which is purely unethical approach to marketing. Organizations also involve themselves into falsely promoting the benefits of certain items. All these result into customers taking up decisions in favour of the company based upon false promises. KFC holds the ethical duty of designing their marketing campaigns based solely upon the truth (Maignan, Ferrell, and Ferrell, 2010). Decision making issues: Ethical decision making processes of the organizations should protect the employees and they should make sure that all the operations of the businesses should be fair. The business decisions at KFC should never be framed in a manner which would cheat their customers, deprive their employees of their rights and defraud the government society in general. Assignment two: Q1. How business objectives are affected by ethical considerations There is huge importance of ethical considerations in the business of KFC. The ethical considerations can help KFC to address the problems, situation and opportunities to choose the actions. As KFC has adapted ethical standards in marketing, they promote their products among people with correct information. They have also adapted ethical standards in packaging of the products. The government agencies of the countries in which KFC operates their business and the consumers too have pressured KFC to provide healthier menu options to the customers, particularly among children and since, KFC started to provide healthier food options to the customers, the total number of customers has increased (Merritt, 2011). KFC also employed a diverse workforce in almost all the countries in which they operate and they have also employed a huge number of people with physical challenges. It helped them to be appreciated by the governments and agencies of the countries. Q2. Implications for a business and its stakeholders to operate the business ethically: The ethical operations of the business of KFC have also helped the stakeholders to be benefitted. The most important stakeholders i.e. the customers can get healthier menu options which help them to reduce their costs of daily meals (Merritt, 2011). The shareholders of the business have also been benefitted as their profit has also been increased due to the ethical operations of the business. The government agencies have also been satisfied with the ethical considerations of KFC and more and more countries are giving opportunity to KFC to expand their business in multiple countries. Q3. Role of KFC acting as a moral agent: KFC is a world-renowned organization, which has become a moral agent in terms of diversity in employment and promoting healthy eating and lifestyles. There are even stores that are run entirely by hearing and verbally-disabled individuals. By doing this, the company has extended tremendous support to the disabled communities and has set a great example of employment ethics. In turn, it has also aided the organization in gaining huge amounts of popularity in the society as a whole. Also, KFC promotes healthy eating by offering healthy food options in the menu and marketing them aggressively to attract customers, especially kids. For example, its grilled chicken is a healthy option and is promoted with a lot of vigour (Idalberto, 2012). Q4. Analysis of the development of mechanisms to achieve employee empowerment and involvement: In order to achieve employee empowerment and involvement, KFC motivates employees with the employee of the month mechanism. The best employees get thi s award and their pictures are displayed at the stores. Employees are also motivated with incentives, rewards, etc. Diversity is a priority and KFC has incorporated different community websites, job sites, etc. in order to involve different kinds of people into the workforce. The company also promotes female leadership. In 2012, special assignments were designed to identify leadership skills so that 15 women could be given leadership roles in the company (Gil, 2012). Assignment three: Q1. A current ethical issue affecting McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s: The McDonalds Corporation is the largest restaurant chain fast food in the world and is based in the U.S. It manages its subsidiaries directly or through franchise. McDonalds restaurants are found all over the world (to employ full-time about 438,000 people) and have become one of the most recognizable symbols of so-called globalization, the fast-paced lifestyle and modern consumerism. A recent ethical issue that the company has been facing is criticism of its employment practices. On 5 August 2013, The Guardian published in a report that 90% of the employees working in McDonalds, UK, had zero hour contracts (Idalberto, 2013). Zero hour contracts are contracts that do not specify any work schedule or regular time period of duty. There is no obligation to provide work or pay, and, the company can make employees work in an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"on callà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ system. Thus, under this contract, McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s can pay employees strictly on the basis of hours worked. Th e Guardian revealed that McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s is the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s biggest zero hour employer. Zero hour contracts, though legal, are considered to be unethical as they are often used to exploit the workforce. As per a study done by the Fast Food Forward, due to zero hour contracts, 84% of the workforce of all fast food companies in New York, are paid less than the salaries they deserve (Neville, 2013). In the period between 2007 and 2011, employees of the fast food industry in USA had to get help worth $7 billion from public assistance options as their low salaries could not help them sustain themselves and their families (Fast Food Foreward, 2013). As per the research by Fast Food Forward, some of the employment practices and HRM practices of McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s are unethical. If minimum wage employees ask for help or proper salaries, the McResource phone line provides the advice of getting food stamps. The McResource website states that employees should divide their food into small pieces while eating, so that, they have the feeling of eating more food. The website also advises employees to get cash refunds on gifts that have not been opened and to stop complaining. The site states that complaining results in 15% increment of stress levels, and hence, should be avoided (Neville, 2013). These practices, advices and statements of McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s have been criticized heavily and the company was forced to shut down the McResource website. These incidents have created a lot of negative publicity for the company and have damaged its reputation (Rabaglio, 2011). Q2. Report on how McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s can improve the ethics of their operations whilst meeting objectives and ensuring good employee/employer relationships: McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s can solve this ethical issue and improve its operations by opting for ethical employment and HRM practices. It can avoid zero hour contracts and have full time employees who are paid adequate salaries (Rabaglio, 2011). In order to accommodate the increased expenses, it can reduce the number of employees. Presently, most employees work on an hourly basis, and hence, do not have any liability to work complete shifts of fixed duration. With fixed shifts of 8-9 hours, even a reduced work force can provide high quality of work performance and the overall productivity will not be affected negatively. Also, adequate salaries will improve the relationship between management and employees and the morale and motivation of workers will improve. This will increase efficiency. The company should also make a strict clause to avoid child labour. Finally, in order to incorporate part time workers, the hourly payment option should be replaced with half shift options of 4 -5 hours. This can be ideal for students (Marras, 2011). Q3. Suitable ethical code: A suitable ethical code for McDonaldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s would involve the following policies: Child labour should be banned strictly Full time employees should be paid adequate salaries with respect to their job roles and zero hour contracts should abolished Work schedules should be established in well defined shifts Employee needs should not be neglected (Idalberto, 2012). References: Anzalone Liszt Grove Research Fast Food Foreward. (2013). New Yorks Hidden Crime Wave. USA: Wage Theft and New York Citys Fast Food Worker. Gil, A. (2012). People Management. Focus on Desktop Professional. Sao Paulo: Atlas. Idalberto, C. (2010). People Management: the new role of human resources in organizations. Rio de Janeiro: Campus. Idalberto, C. (2013). People Management. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier. Klein, J.G., Smith, J. (2004). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Why We Boycott: Consumer Motivations for Boycott Participation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of Marketing, 68 (3): 92-110. LeClair, D.T., Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J.P. (2012). Integrity Management: A Guide to Managing Legal and Ethical Issues in the Workplace. Tampa, Florida: University of Tampa Press. Maignan, I., Ferrell, O.C. and Ferrell, L. (2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Corporate Social Responsibility and Marketing: An Integrative Framework.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32 (1): 3-19. Marr as, J. (2011). Human Resource Management: from operational to strategic. London: Futura. Merritt, A. (2011). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“N.J. AG Sues Blockbuster Over Ads.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Philadelphia Business Journal, February 18, 42. Neville, S. (2013). McDonalds ties nine out of 10 workers to zero-hours contracts. UK: The Guardian. Phillips, C.F. (2011). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Some Theoretical Considerations Regarding Fair Trade Laws.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of Marketing, Vol. 3, 242-250. Rabaglio, M. (2011). Competency Management Tools for attraction and attracting human talent. London: Thorsons.

Abortion Choice And Consequences - 1537 Words

Abortion: Choice and Consequences The American novelist Ann B. Ross once said, â€Å"I certainly supported a woman s right to choose, but to my mind the time to choose was before, not after the fact.† Abortion by definition is the expulsion of a fetus from the womb before it is able to survive independently, which is the reason for abortion to be considered an extremely controversial issue, because in this process the life of a human being is terminated. In actuality, the range of women convinced to terminate their pregnancy is significant as many women find themselves not being ready to take care of a baby and for them, abortion seems to be the easiest way to get out of such difficult task in life. However, when women decide to induce†¦show more content†¦In effect, during the first trimester of pregnancy a woman has two options. The first option is a medical abortion procedure and the second option is a surgical abortion procedure. However, since most abortions are practiced during the first trimest er of pregnancy, the most common type of abortion is called mifepristone and misoprostol, which is a medical procedure used from the first seven to nine weeks of pregnancy (BMC Health Services Research). The other type of abortion is called manual vacuum aspiration, which is used between three and twelve weeks since the last period and supposedly considered as the less invasive method since it only requires local anesthesia on the cervix. However, whether one procedure is less invasive than other, the answer is uncertain because these procedures are performed with the purpose of terminating the life of a fetus, and it is what makes them horrifying regardless of how invasive they are. One of the most controversial types of abortion and considered the most inhuman type of abortion is the dismemberment abortion. It encloses the purpose of killing an unborn child by dismembering and extracting each piece at a time of his or her body. According to Dr. Haskell, â€Å"†¦ uses luminaria to dilate the cervix in a three-day procedure, then simply goes in, makes a direct instrument attach on the fetus, kills it, and takes it out (Heaphy). This procedure is quite inhuman because in order to dismember the body

Hope is the meaning of life, which is the reason for staying alive, and having something to live for Essay Example For Students

Hope is the meaning of life, which is the reason for staying alive, and having something to live for Essay Hope is the meaning of life, which is the reason for staying alive, and having something to live for. When Martin Luther once said, Everything that is done in the world is done by hope, he meant that if you never have hope, nothing can be accomplished. Hope is what the characters in John Wyndhams book; The Chrysalids lived for. First, the characters set goals for themselves to achieve, which drove hope. Next, the characters knew that there was a possibility that the future would hold a better life than the present. Finally, positive character relations gave inspiration, which drove hope. We will write a custom essay on Hope is the meaning of life, which is the reason for staying alive, and having something to live for specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Clearly, hope and inspiration are expressed consistently throughout the book. Primarily, the characters set goals for themselves to achieve, which drove their hope. The main and most important goal in the Waknuk society was the goal of eliminating deviations. Joseph Strorms goal was to eliminate all offences, and blasphemies, so he could live in a place that respected the true image of god. Joseph was able to have hope in eliminating all deviations, because he knew that god, The Bible and The Repentances all believed that the world should be comprised of people that obeyed the true image. When heading to the Fringes, the single goal of all characters was to escape and have freedom. David Rosalind and Petra had to leave Waknuk, and escape safely to the Fringes. They were determined to make it, because David would not let anything bad happen to the others. David was hoping that they would escape without harm, and one night while Rosalind was sleeping, David had a conversation with Michael. After talking to Michael, he told Petra, Hush, darling. It isnt going to happen, because we arent going to let them catch us. pg 144 When he told Petra that nothing was going to happen, he was solidifying their goal. The final goal that the characters had was the goal to please, living to please. Anne loved Alan deeply, and she married, so she could please him.. Anne felt that the only thing that she had to live for was Alan. Trying to please Alan gave Anne hope, and when Alan was shot, all of Annes hope was eliminated. Anne no longer had anything to live for, so she committed suicide. Through the characters goals in eliminating deviations, escaping to freedom, and living to please, they were able to have hope for the future. Subsequently, positive character relations drove hope. First, optimism, optimism is a great quality which rubs off on people giving the others hope. The Sealand woman was a very optimistic lady, and she never doubted herself, always thinking of the glass as half full. When Michael doubted her reliability, she showed how optimistic she was when she stated, You can count on us 178. The optimism of the Sealand woman rubbed off on the others, giving them a sense of hope. Next, brave people have remarkable courage that stands out clearly and drives hope. When Katherine was being torture to tell about the other telepathics, Sally stayed strong. Even though Sally knew she would be next, she showed courage by not succumbing to the torture, and by not telling the truth. The other characters knew that Sally stayed strong, and did not back down to torture giving them hope. Lastly, when a character is inspiring they drive hope. When Sophie was forced to the fringes, because she was different, she became sure of herself, positive, and inspirational to the others. .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 , .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .postImageUrl , .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 , .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:hover , .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:visited , .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:active { border:0!important; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:active , .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31 .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue9e98d541d41b3adb7850c56725fbb31:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Free Candides: The Human Corruption Candide EssayShe showed she was sure of herself, when she stated, damn you,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Leave me alone, damn you Without meaning to, Sophie inspired the others to accept what came their way, and run with it. They knew that they could all change and adapt as well as she did. Obviously, the relationships that Sally Sophie and the Sealand women had with the others were all very positive. They rubbed their inspiration, courage, and optimism off on the others, driving hope. Finally, the characters had hope because they knew that the future would be better than the present. Dreams showed glimpses of the future that encouraged hope. David started and ended the book with the same dream of Sealand, which was a much better place than Waknuk. Sealand was a place where telepathic deviations were respected, and people were jealous of those with super human abilities. David sensed that the place was actually real, and when his dream kept on reoccurring, he had hope that his future could be better if he could just get there. Next, when communication occurs with another world, it is evident that there is another place where the future could be better. Throughout the book Petra had extraordinarily strong telepathic abilities, and through her abilities she was able to communicate with people from much farther away than any of the others could. Petra learned of her abilities when she heard background noise. She told David of the other noise when she said, shes a long way, a very long, long way away, I think. pg 134 Knowing that there was somewhere else in the universe gave the characters hope, the reality of a better place became much more real, which drove their hope. The characters individual thoughts inspired them to question their own world, and wonder for a better place. They all believed that Waknuk was not the ideal place that it was depicted to be. Many people that lived in Waknuk believed that it was a perfect place, but in reality Waknuk was not really perfect. The thought shapers knew that there would be something better out there, and if they tried hard enough to get to a better place, they would eventually find a superior land. Evidently, the characters dreams, communication, and individual thoughts show that they believe their future lives will be better than the lives that they are currently living. Clearly, hope and inspiration are expressed consistently. Setting goals drove hope. Positive relations drove hope, and knowing that the future would be better drove hope. Hope is necessary for survival, without hope there is nothing to live for. Nobody can live and enjoy life without hope. Clearly, as stated by Martin Luther, Everything that is done in the world is done by hope, Hope is essential.